accessible ADU

Barrier Free ADU Design: Key Strategies

As the demand for Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) continues to rise, it's crucial to consider barrier-free design strategies that prioritize accessibility and inclusivity. Barrier-free design ensures that individuals of all ages and abilities can comfortably and safely navigate and utilize the space. Whether you're building an ADU for aging relatives, individuals with mobility challenges, for you to downsize as you get older, or simply to future-proof your property, incorporating inclusive design principles is a prudent and compassionate choice.

Key Design Considerations:

1. Entrance and Circulation

When designing a barrier-free ADU, it's essential to focus on creating smooth and unobstructed pathways. This includes wider doorways to accommodate wheelchairs and walkers, lever-style door handles for easy operation, and a step-less entry to eliminate potential tripping hazards. This includes considering the entire entry sequence from the sidewalk at the front of the property all the way back to the ADU location as well as access from any on-site parking area.

2. Open Floor Plans

Opting for an open floor plan facilitates seamless movement within the ADU. Spacious rooms and clear sightlines enhance accessibility, allowing for easy maneuvering and a sense of openness. We typically design open floor plans with large “great rooms” that combine the living, dining, and kitchen areas in our ADUs to make them as flexible as possible.

3. Kitchen and Bathroom Accessibility

In the kitchen, incorporating lower countertops (or even adjustable counters), pull-out shelves, and lever-handled faucets promotes independence for individuals with limited mobility. We have even selected touch free faucets in some of our designs to make them easier to use. Similarly, in the bathroom, roll-in showers, grab bars, and adjustable height features contribute to a more accessible and usable bathroom for all users regardless of any physical abilities or limitations.

4. Universal Design Elements for your ADU

Universal design principles, such as slip-resistant flooring, varied lighting options, lever style door handles, and strategically placed electrical outlets, can benefit occupants of all abilities. Prioritizing these elements ensures that the ADU remains practical and functional for everyone.

5. Outdoor Accessibility

Don't overlook the outdoor spaces. Accessible pathways, well-lit entrances, and outdoor gathering areas designed with inclusivity in mind contribute to an overall welcoming environment. This is especially important when you are designing thresholds for entry doors, sliding doors, and adjacent decks or patios. Consider details that allow for easy access for wheelchairs and other mobility devices.

6. Incorporating Technology

Embracing smart home technology can significantly enhance the accessibility of an ADU. From voice-activated controls for lighting and temperature adjustments to automated door openers, these innovations can greatly improve the quality of life for individuals with mobility challenges. Smart home technology is rapidly changing so work with your designer or builder to consider the latest options.


Legal and Regulatory Considerations

Before embarking on the construction of a barrier-free ADU, it's vital to familiarize oneself with local building codes and regulations related to accessibility standards. By ensuring compliance with relevant laws, you can guarantee that the ADU meets the necessary requirements for inclusivity. And some locations are giving incentives to encourage more accessible ADU projects so check with your local building department.


The Benefits of Barrier-Free ADU Design

By embracing barrier-free design strategies, you not only create a more welcoming living space for occupants with specific needs but also enhance the overall versatility and appeal of the ADU. Additionally, as the population continues to age, the demand for accessible living spaces is expected to grow, making barrier-free ADUs a wise investment for the future.

In conclusion, prioritizing barrier-free design strategies when planning and constructing an ADU is an investment in inclusivity, comfort, and long-term value. By embracing these principles, you can create a space that meets the diverse needs of its occupants and contributes to a more equitable and accessible living environment for all.

At Modern ADU Plans we aim to provide designs that can meet any needs wrapped in a beautiful modern look and feel. Many of our designs are barrier free already, and we can work with you to adapt the others to meet your needs. Please tell us about the design you are considering and let us know what your personal goals are for the project so we can discuss how we can make your favorite design suit your needs.

The accessible bathroom in our design for The Japandi ADU includes extra room in front of the sink and toilet to accommodate the turning radius of a wheelchair, a barrier free roll-in shower, a toilet paper holder that doubles as a grab bar, and a lower than normal sink.

A Comprehensive Collection of ADU Links and Resources Across the US and Canada

Are you ready to embark on the journey of creating your very own Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) project? At Modern ADU Plans, we have curated an invaluable list of resources that outline a wide range of information and resources about ADU projects throughout the United States and Canada.

Whether you're a homeowner, builder, designer, or investor, the list below should lead you to some great information to make your project a success. And we will keep updating and adding to this list as we find more helpful information to share.

Understanding California's Title 24 Requirements for Accessory Dwelling Units

Accessory Dwelling Units, or ADUs, are becoming an increasingly popular way to add living space and housing options to existing residential properties. In California, ADUs are subject to a number of regulations and requirements, including Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations. Title 24 sets standards for energy efficiency, lighting, and other aspects of building design and construction. In this blog post, we will explore California's Title 24 requirements for ADUs and explain what homeowners and builders need to know to ensure compliance.

Promoting Energy Efficiency

One of the main purposes of Title 24 is to promote energy efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of buildings. California has set ambitious goals for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable building practices, and Title 24 is a key tool in achieving these goals. The regulations apply to all new construction and remodeling projects in the state, including new construction ADUs.

Insulation, Systems, and Construction Considerations

For ADUs, Title 24 requires compliance with specific energy efficiency standards. This includes requirements for insulation, air sealing, heating and cooling systems, and more. For example, ADUs must have insulation that meets minimum R-value requirements, and they must be designed to minimize air leakage. HVAC systems must also meet certain efficiency standards to reduce energy consumption and emissions. We typically recommend that ADUs have insulated wall cavities in addition to continuous rigid insulation around the entire outside of the home. We also recommend ductless mini-split systems as an efficient way to provide heating and cooling.

Lighting Considerations

In addition to energy efficiency requirements, Title 24 also sets standards for lighting in ADUs. These requirements are designed to promote energy efficiency and ensure that ADUs are well-lit and safe for occupants. This includes requirements for the type and placement of light fixtures, as well as the use of lighting controls such as timers and motion sensors. To meet lighting requirements and reduce energy consumption we recommend LED light fixtures throughout all ADU projects.

Accessible Design

Another important aspect of Title 24 for ADUs is the requirement for accessible design. California law requires that all new construction and remodels meet accessibility standards under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). This includes ADUs, which must be designed to be accessible for individuals with disabilities. This may include features such as wider doorways, lower countertops, and accessible bathroom facilities.

Solar Energy Requirements

An important aspect of Title 24 is the requirement to add solar energy systems that will offset the energy use of new construction residential projects. This includes ADUs. It is important to consider this requirement when budgeting for your project as well as locating the ADU on your property. Making sure the roof pitch is best oriented towards the sun will help you get the maximum benefits of a PV system. Along with solar energy production, you could also consider solar hot water systems and a way to further reduce your energy consumption and make your ADU more sustainable.

How To Comply

Most jurisdictions in California require a Title 24 report that analyzes your ADU design and does that calculations to show it complies with the code requirements. There are many companies that can provide these reports in only a few days time and typically for a few hundred dollars. They will provide the documentation and/or drawings needed to submit to your building department as part of the permit review process.


Overall, California's Title 24 requirements for ADUs are designed to promote energy efficiency, safety, and accessibility. While complying with these requirements can add some additional costs to a project, it is important to ensure that ADUs are built to the highest standards of quality and sustainability. By following these requirements, homeowners and builders can create ADUs that are comfortable, safe, and environmentally friendly, and that will provide long-lasting benefits for years to come.

Typically Title 24 reports are performed once the design of the ADU is completed but prior to submitting to permit. You can use our pre-designed ADU drawing sets to send to a company that provides Title 24 Reports and typically you can get the report in a few days.

Rooftop solar panels.
Photo by Mischa Frank

10 Design Features of Accessible ADU Plans

Designing an accessible ADU is an important consideration for homeowners who want to create a living space that accommodates the needs of all individuals, regardless of mobility or disability. This is especially important when building an ADU for an aging family member, or when downsizing your home as you get older. By incorporating universal design principles and accessibility features into ADU plans, homeowners can create a space that is functional, comfortable, and safe for everyone. In this blog post, we will explore the key design features of accessible ADU plans. We will also highlight some of the benefits of designing an accessible ADU and provide tips for homeowners who are considering this type of project.

10 Design Features of Accessible ADU Plans:

  1. Wide doorways and hallways: Accessible ADUs typically have wider doors and hallways to accommodate wheelchairs and other mobility devices. This also may lead to extra space around furniture to allow for easy movement around the accessory dwelling unit.

  2. No-step entry: A no-step entry eliminates the need for stairs or steps, making it easier for wheelchair users to enter and exit the ADU. This could take the shape of a ramp or landscaping paths that lead up to the ADU level. We also typically look to do slab-on-grade construction for ADUs to keep the floor level as low as possible to allow for easier transitions.

  3. Open floor plan: An open floor plan provides plenty of space for maneuvering a wheelchair or mobility device. This design feature also allows for flexibility in furniture arrangement.

  4. Accessible kitchen: An accessible kitchen typically features countertops at a lower height, ample floor space for turning a wheelchair, and accessible appliances and storage. We used these strategies in the kitchen design for the Modern Japandi ADU - with custom height counters at 32” plus a space on the island without lower cabinets so a wheel chair could roll under the counter.

  5. Accessible bathroom: An accessible bathroom often includes features such as a roll-in shower, grab bars, and a toilet with sufficient clearance on both sides. For the Modern Japandi ADU we did a barrier free shower, extending the floor and wall tiles into the shower area for seamless transition. We also used a special toilet paper roll hanger that doubles as a grab bar. We put extra blocking in the walls of the shower so additional grab bars could be added in the future. We also made sure to specify a shower head that had a hand shower attachment which is helpful when bathing with limited mobility.

  6. Lever handles: Lever handles on doors, cabinets, and faucets are easier to operate than traditional knobs and handles, making them ideal for individuals with limited hand strength or mobility.

  7. Non-slip flooring: Non-slip flooring can help prevent slips and falls, which can be especially dangerous for individuals with mobility impairments. We carefully select tiles and other flooring materials that won’t get slippery even when wet.

  8. Adequate lighting: Adequate lighting is important for individuals with low vision or vision impairments. A well-lit ADU can also help prevent falls and accidents. WIth ample light fixtures and dimming switches we aim to give a wide range of lighting options that can be adjusted based on the time of day or lighting needs for specific activities.

  9. Universal design: Universal design principles aim to create spaces that are accessible and usable by everyone, regardless of age or ability. Accessible ADUs often incorporate universal design features to make them more functional and appealing to a wider range of users.

  10. Single Floor ADUs: this one may be obvious but many of our ADUs are designed as a single level to allow them to be more accessible for all. Stairs are a big barrier and a risk when getting older. Making sure there is at least one bedroom and one full bathroom on the main level of the ADU, or having the entire ADU on one level makes it possible to be converted into an accessible ADU that is ideal for aging-in-place.

By incorporating these design features into accessible ADU plans, homeowners can create a living space that is functional, comfortable, and safe for individuals with disabilities or mobility impairments. Accessible ADUs can also provide a valuable solution for families seeking a home that accommodates their unique needs.

We have worked with clients on a range of accessible ADU designs and have translated our lessons learned into many of our available ADU plans for sale. Check out our shop for the single level ADUs. We can also work with you to make adjustments to one of our designs or custom design an accessible ADU that will meet your needs.

This bathroom was designed specifically for accessibility. The room has extra width allowing for the turning radius of a wheel chair. The toilet paper holder is designed to double as a grab bar to assis with getting on and off the toilet. The shower is barrier free with the tile seamlessly flowing into the bathing space with a linear drain across the back. The shower is equipped with a hand shower making bathing easier from a seated position.

ADU Design Guidelines: Maximizing Living Space Efficiency

Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) have gained significant attention as versatile living spaces that offer homeowners various benefits. Whether it's accommodating family members, generating rental income, or creating a home office, ADUs play a crucial role. In this comprehensive guide, we'll delve into the importance of thoughtful ADU design, with a specific focus on maximizing living space efficiency. We'll also highlight the advantages of using pre-designed ADU plans in simplifying the design process and saving valuable time.

The Role of Living Space in ADUs:

ADUs are all about providing functional living spaces. These spaces can encompass living rooms, bedrooms, and multipurpose areas, making them versatile and adaptable to different needs. Whether you're housing family members or renting out the ADU, the design of the living space plays a pivotal role in making the unit comfortable and appealing.

Local ADU Regulations and Zoning Requirements:

Before diving into ADU design, it's essential to understand local regulations and zoning requirements. These regulations can significantly impact the design of your living space. Factors such as setback requirements, size limitations, and zoning considerations must be taken into account to ensure compliance. Call your local building department or read your local ADU zoning code to learn about the restrictions in your area. Once you understand the overall size limitations you can then start considering how to divide the area of the ADU into adequate living spaces.

Advantages of Using Pre-Designed ADU Plans:

Designing an ADU can be a complex process, especially if you're starting from scratch. However, pre-designed ADU plans offer several advantages:

  1. Streamlined Process: Pre-designed plans simplify the design process by providing a comprehensive blueprint. You won't need to spend extensive time on custom design, reducing project delays.

  2. Expertise: These plans are crafted by experienced designers who understand the nuances of ADU design and construction. You can trust that the design is optimized for efficiency and functionality.

  3. Efficiency: Pre-designed plans are carefully created to maximize every square foot of living space. This efficiency is essential for creating a comfortable and functional ADU.

Maximizing Living Space Efficiency:

Efficient space planning is key to ADU design. Consider the following strategies:

  1. Open Floor Plans: Open layouts create a sense of spaciousness and flexibility. They're ideal for making the most of limited square footage.

  2. Multifunctional Areas: Design living spaces that serve multiple purposes. For example, a fold-down bed can transform a living room into a bedroom.

  3. Natural Light: Maximize natural light with large windows and strategically placed skylights. This not only brightens the space but also makes it feel more spacious.

  4. Smart Storage: Incorporate built-in storage solutions to minimize clutter and maximize usable space.

  5. Small Bedrooms: with smaller overall sizes for ADUs than main houses, it is important to allocate the right amount of space for each function. We recommend smaller bedrooms, and larger living rooms to give more space to the places you spend the most time while awake.

  6. One Bathroom: WIth limited square footage it is better to have larger kitchens and living areas than to have multiple bathrooms. If you really must have a second bathroom, consider only a 1/2 bath.

ADA Compliance and Accessibility:

Creating ADU layouts that consider ADA guidelines is essential for creating accessible ADU living spaces that are ready for aging-in-place. This includes features like wider doorways, accessible bathrooms, and proper ramp access. These design considerations ensures that your ADU can accommodate a wide range of occupants comfortably and can set your ADU apart from others in your rental market.

Interior Finishes and Aesthetics:

Interior finishes play a crucial role in enhancing the overall appeal of your ADU living space. Consider these factors:

  1. Materials: Choose durable and visually appealing materials that align with your design preferences.

  2. Color Palettes: Use colors strategically to create a sense of continuity and spaciousness. We tend to stick to white, light gray, and neutral colors that can compliment a wide range of styles.

  3. Design Styles: Select design styles that resonate with your tastes while maintaining a cohesive look. We think modern styles are in higher demand on rental markets and can demand higher rental rates.

Designing ADU living spaces that are both efficient and comfortable is a rewarding endeavor. By maximizing every square foot, ensuring ADA compliance, and carefully selecting interior finishes, you can create a space that serves your needs seamlessly. Consider the advantages of using pre-designed ADU plans, which streamline the design process and save valuable time. With thoughtful planning and the right resources, your ADU can become a functional and inviting living space that enhances your property's value and functionality.